Definition
Aerial photogrammetry is the science of making measurements and 3D models from photographs taken from the air. By capturing many overlapping images of the ground from an aircraft or drone, it reconstructs accurate maps, elevations, and 3D data of the surveyed area.
It works because the same ground features appear in multiple photos taken from different positions, allowing software to calculate depth and shape. The output can include orthophotos, elevation models, and detailed point clouds.
In simple terms, aerial photogrammetry turns overlapping aerial photos into accurate, measurable 3D maps of the land.
How It Works
An aircraft or drone flies a planned path, capturing overlapping images so that each ground point appears in several photos. Software matches common features across the images, works out the camera positions, and reconstructs the 3D location of each shared point.
From these points it builds dense point clouds, orthomosaics, and elevation models. Ground control points with known coordinates are used to georeference the results, ensuring the finished maps are accurate and correctly positioned in the real world.
Applications
Aerial photogrammetry is used in surveying, mapping, construction, agriculture, and environmental monitoring. It produces topographic maps, measures volumes, tracks site progress, and monitors land change, offering wide coverage and rich visual detail from the air.
Benefits
- Accurate 3D maps and models from aerial photos.
- Wide-area coverage captured quickly.
- Rich colour and visual detail.
- Cost-effective compared with some survey methods.
- A strong fit with drone workflows.
Related Terms
- Photogrammetry
- Aerial Mapping
- Orthophoto
- Drone Photogrammetry
Frequently Asked Questions
What is aerial photogrammetry used for?
It is used to create maps, 3D models, and measurements for surveying, construction, agriculture, and environmental monitoring.
How does aerial photogrammetry work?
Overlapping aerial photos are analysed by software to match features, calculate camera positions, and reconstruct 3D geometry of the ground.
What is the difference between aerial photogrammetry and LiDAR?
Photogrammetry derives 3D data from photos and captures colour, while LiDAR measures distance directly with laser pulses and often performs better through vegetation.
Do you need ground control points?
Ground control points improve accuracy by tying the results to known coordinates and are recommended for survey-grade work.
About Track3D
Track3D helps teams turn aerial photogrammetry data into accurate digital twins and reality capture insights. Learn more at Track3D.
